23 Department of Non-Commuicable Diseases, Ministry of Health, Nairobi, Kenya.22 Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK.21 Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research, CancerControl Alberta, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.20 Division of Psychology and Mental Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.19 NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia.18 Department of Chronic Diseases and Ageing, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.17 Department of Sport Medicine, Norwegian School of Sport Science, Oslo, Norway.16 Department of Exercise and Nutrition Science, Milken Institute School of Public Health, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA.15 Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester, UK.14 MRC Epidemiology Unit, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, UK.13 Departments of Medicine, and Medical Informatics & Clinical Epidemiology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA.12 School of Health and Life Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, UK.11 Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.10 UNESCO Chair of Transforming the Lives of People with Disabilities, their Families and Communities, Through Physical Education, Sport, Recreation and Fitness.9 Institute of Technology Tralee, Tralee, Co Kerry, Ireland.8 Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Ghent University, Belgium.7 College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, Arizona, USA.6 Public Health Evaluation and Projection Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Uusimaa, Finland.4 Centre for Health Research, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, Queensland, Australia.3 Health Promotion Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.1 Physical Activity Unit, Department of Health Promotion, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland 2 School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia."Therefore, improved understanding of methods to improve fitness would be expected to have broad implications for improved health," said Nayor, a cardiologist at Boston Medical Centre. Specifically, exercise was three times more efficient than walking alone and more than 14 times more efficient than reducing the time spent sedentary.Īdditionally, they found that the greater time spent exercising and higher steps/day could partially offset the negative effects of being sedentary in terms of physical fitness.Īccording to the researchers, while the study was focused on the relationship of physical activity and fitness specifically (rather than any health-related outcomes), fitness has a powerful influence on health and is associated with a lower risk of cardiovascular disease, diabetes, cancer, and premature death. They found dedicated exercise (moderate-vigorous physical activity) was the most efficient at improving fitness. Physical fitness measurements were associated with physical activity data obtained through accelerometers (a device that measures frequency and intensity of human movement) that were worn for one week around the time of CPET and approximately eight years earlier. He and his team studied approximately 2,000 participants from the community-based Framingham Heart Study who underwent comprehensive cardiopulmonary exercise tests (CPET) for the "gold standard" measurement of physical fitness. "By establishing the relationship between different forms of habitual physical activity and detailed fitness measures, we hope that our study will provide important information that can ultimately be used to improve physical fitness and overall health across the life course," explained corresponding author Matthew Nayor, MD, MPH, assistant professor of medicine at BUSM. These findings appear online in the European Heart Journal. Moderate-vigorous physical activity is most efficient at improving fitness: Study(Unsplash)
In the largest study performed to date to understand the relationship between habitual physical activity and physical fitness, researchers from Boston University School of Medicine (BUSM) have found that a higher amount of time spent performing exercise (moderate-vigorous physical activity) and low-moderate level activity (steps) and less time spent sedentary, translated to greater physical fitness.
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